The Existence Of The External World - 998 Words

In Berkeley’s argument about the existence of the external world I found it to be convincing up until a point. There were many good arguments that definitely persuaded me to agree with his viewpoints, but at the end of the passage, and at the peak of my understanding of his argument I found that his argument ended up being unconvincing and in some parts completely contradictory. In general the argument wasn’t convincing, but in the more specific areas it convinced me greatly. In the beginning of his argument it was convincing to me, because he introduces his idealism and his thoughts that things don’t exist in the external, but exist in our minds as ideas from our sensations and imaginings. I agreed with this point, being that we always†¦show more content†¦When you take away the properties of an external things you are left with nothing and with nothing you can’t have extension. This was convincing for me, because it showed me that extended thing s don’t exist because of their properties but rather they exist in their ideas and ideas aren’t extended things. Furthermore, if we have the idea in our mind that something exists then we don’t require extension. The next point that Berkeley makes is that you can’t perceive the unperceived. You can’t perceive a sensing or imagining of an object without having all of the properties that belond to it there. Furthermore, if you are not thinking if it’s certain properties then you can’t have that external thing. This part of the argument is another combatant in determining external things. If I am to think of a ring perhaps, and its properties included: it is able to be worn, more specifically, on the finger, it is made of a certain substance compound, and it is round. For argument’s sake let’s say that these are all of the properties that make up what we, by definition, call a ring. If I were to think of a ring, and not con ceive any other property about it, meaning if I were not to think of any of these properties about the ring, and say that it is a ring without those perceptions then I am perceiving an unperceived thing. In my mind I cannot fathom conceiving an object/idea/thing without correlating

Biology Vitamin C - 2056 Words

Investigating the vitamin C content of fruits and fruit juice Aim: In this investigation, I aim to measure and compare whether there is a higher content of vitamin C in a fruit or a juice by measuring the volume of the sample required to decolourise a solution of dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP). Introduction: For this experiment, I aim to investigate and compare the content of vitamin C in the fruit against the fruit juice. The theory of this method is a titration with dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP). DCPIP is a redox dye and Ascorbic acid reacts with the DCPIP solution, changing the colour from a deep blue to either a pale pink or colourless solution. They react in a 1:1 state, so I can use the amount of ascorbic acid required to work†¦show more content†¦The amount of DPCPIP solution used throughout the whole experiment will be kept constant, 5ml at a time. This is to prevent any errors or complications when working out the averages. Variables: My dependant variable is the indicator, DCPIP, and the independent variables are both the grapefruit juice, and grapefruit. Risk assessment amp; factors that can affect my experiment: Knife safety – is slightly sharp so use with care Wear goggles in case any of the grapefruit squirts in your eye whilst cutting Take care with fragile glassware Ascorbic acid is flammable, if inhaled could cause a sore throat. Irritant to skin and eyes for some. The solutions may stain your skin and clothes so protective clothing will be useful. Main apparatus: Quantity: | Apparatus: | Why and how it is used: | 45ml | DCPIP solution | It is a good indicator for vitamin C because if it’s present, the blue dye is reduced to a colourless compound by ascorbic acid.DCPIP reacts with ascorbic acid to turn colourless. When this occurs, the fruit juice being added will be stopped and noted down. | 10mg | Ascorbic acid | Also known as vitamin C. Is the dependant variable, so can be used as a focal point to see how much vitamin C is in a grapefruit and grapefruit juice. It will be used to see how much pure vitamin C is needed to turn the DCPIP indicator colourless. When this happens, the amount of fruit juice used will be recorded. | 150mg | Grapefruit juice |Show MoreRelatedBiology Vitamin C Lab Report4458 Words   |  18 PagesBIOLOGY LAB REPORT TITLE: DETERMINING THE VITAMIN C CONTENT IN VARIOUS FRUIT JUICE PREPARED BY: NOR HUSNA BINTI MOHD ROSLI CLASS: SC3 (ALUK 11) IC NUMBER: STUDENT ID: LECTURER’S NAME: MADAM ZAKIAH BINTI ZAKARIA SUBMISSION DATE: 22 AUGUST 2013 OBJECTIVES: To investigate the vitamin C content in various fruit juices which is based on the graph’s curve obtained. INTRODUCTION [pic] Vitamin C, or also known as ascorbic acid (L-ascorbic and L-dehydroascorbicRead MoreEssay on IB biology assesment- the effect of heat on vitamin c2277 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿ Biology SL Internal Assessment What is the effect of heat on vitamin C concentrated in lemon juice?   Introduction: â€Å"Vitamins are complex organic substances that are needed in very small amounts for many of the essential processes carried out in the body.† 1It is estimated and supported scientifically that only a few mg are filling the daily recommendation, which is essential for a healthy living. As most of vitamins cannot be produced by our bodies, we need to obtainRead MoreVitamin C And Its Effect On Food Essay919 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, is a well-known supplement that is essential to the human body. Vitamin C helps grow and repair body tissue, make collagen, heal wounds, and strengthen bones and teeth. Unfortunately, the body does not produce this vitamin itself, therefore it must be obtained from another source. Vitamin C is present in significant amounts in both fruits and vegetables. These foods are commonly pasteurized – a process that applies heat to destroy pathogens that cause spoilageRead MoreA Study On Vitamin C1668 Words   |  7 Pages Vitamin C Lab Date of Experiment: September 19, 2014 Danielle Butler; Semhal Selamawi; Emma Adomako Lab Section 12 Date of Submission: October 3, 2014 â€Æ' INTRODUCTION A vitamin so named in 1913 by political biochemist C. Funk is defined to be any of a number if unrelated, complex organic substances found variously in most foods, or sometimes synthesized in the body, and essential, in small amounts for the regulation of the metabolism and normal growth and functioning of the body. (Webster’Read MoreVitamin C3342 Words   |  14 Pagesorange juices, and we also used 0.1% of vitamin C solution. The aim of our experiment was to see how much DCPIP was needed to be added to make the orange juices turn back to the orange colour and the DCPIP to decolourise once the 0.1% of vitamin C was added. DCPIP is a blue dye in its non-reduced form; it becomes colourless when it gains electrons. Vitamin C is an anti – oxidant, this is found mainly in fresh fruit and vegetables. The main use of Vitamin C is that it neutralises free radicals, whichRead MoreHow Do Different Ways Of Cooking Affect The Amount Of Iron And Vitamin C Retained?4007 Words   |   17 PagesHow do different ways of cooking affect the amount of iron and vitamin C retained in vegetables and how do they correlate? Session: November 2014 Candidate Name: KUMAR, Amith Candidate Number: IB Subject of Essay: Biology Supervisor Name: Lauren Lorello Date: 10/27/14 Word Count: 3292 I pledge that I have neither given nor received help on this assignment Abstract Iron is an important part of the human diet. Iron is what allows hemoglobin to form and hemoglobin transports oxygen across theRead MoreVitamin C Content of Fruit Juices2416 Words   |  10 PagesBIOLOGY LABORATORY REPORT Name : Amirah Binti Shaharuddin IC No. : 930428-08-5326 Student ID : 2012400466 Group : 13M1 Title : The Vitamin C Content of Fruit Juices Lecturer : Madam Rita Rohaizah binti Sohari TITLE: THE VITAMIN C CONTENT OF FRUIT JUICES INTRODUCTION Vitamin C which is also known as ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient for human. It is a water-soluble vitamin that is necessary for normal growth and development. Water-soluble vitamins dissolveRead MoreAscorbic Acid Determination2875 Words   |  12 PagesDetermination of Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) concentration in some of Commercial Products, by Redox Titration Mouhannad AL.-Hachamii Sadiq J. Baqir Saadon A.Aowda Fatima A. Hussein, Dep.of chemistry, college of science, Babylon University Muhammed K.Alasedi Ministry of Health Hilla city, Babylon Abstract The goal of this search is to determine the concentration of vitamin C (Ascorbic acid ) in some of a Commercial Products, Vegetables and Fruit Juices by Redox Titration. A redoxRead MoreThe Effect Of Vitamin C On Concentration Essay3257 Words   |  14 PagesAS91387 VITAMIN-C CONCENTRATION Purpose The purpose of this investigation was to study the effects of vitamin C decreasing in concentration over time after being exposed to oxygen. This occurs by the ascorbic acid (which is the organic molecule known as vitamin C) breaking down in the process of oxygen in an oxidation reaction. Enzymes in the citrus fruits increase the rate of oxidation. A deaeration step minimizes amount of oxygen so the amount of ascorbic acid lost is minimized. â€Å"Vitamin C, alsoRead More Linus Pauling Essay3903 Words   |  16 Pagessignificant contributions including his work on the nature of the chemical bond, he turned to chemical biology and is generally accepted as the founder of molecular biology. Later in his life he became very involved in issues of politics and peace for which he is somewhat less well known. In his later years, he became interested in health and medicine and specifically in the use of vitamin C to prevent ailments from the common cold to cancer. In Pauling’s own words he was â€Å"†¦a physicist

Newton The Injustice Of Affirmative Action Essay Example For Students

Newton The Injustice Of Affirmative Action Essay Affirmative ActionAffirmative action was orginally designed to help minorities, but women-especially whitewomen-have made the greatest gains as a result of these programs(Gross, 1996). Affirmative action is agrowing argument among our society. It is multifaceted and very often defined vaguely. Many peopledefine affirmative action as the ability to strive for equality and inclusiveness. Others might see itas a quote-based system for different minority groups. I agree and support affirmative actions in thatindividuals should be treated equally. I feel affirmative action as an assurance that the bestqualified person will receive the job. Is affirmative action fair? In 1974, a woman named Rose was truned down for a supervisory job infavor of a male. She was told that she was the most qualified person, but the position was going to befilled by a man, because he had a family to support. Five years before that, when Rose was about to fillan entry-level position in banking, a personnel officer outlined the womans pay scale, which was $25 to$50 month less than what men were being payed for the same position. Rose was furious because she feltthis was descriminating to her. She confronted the personnel officer and he saw nothing wrong with it. Thanks to affirmative action today things like these situations are becoming more rare and/or correctedmore quickly. Affirmative action has definately helped women and minorities in their careers, but it hasyet to succed in the goal of equality to the fullest for the business world to woment and minorities. Some observers argue that women have made huge strides!with the help of affirmative action. They now hold 40 percent of all corporate middle-management jobs,and the number of women-owned businesses has grown by 57 percent since 1982(Blackwood, 1995). Affirmative action was desinged to give qualified minorities a chance to compete on equalfooting with Whites (Chappell, 1995). Equal opportunities for the blacks, for the most part, hasremained more wishful-thinking than fact. Black students are continuing to struggle to seek aneducation, black business owners are still competing against their White counterparts, and black workersare experienceing an unemployment rate twice that of Whites and hold dead-end, labor-intensive,low-paying jobs. Few can argue that racism is still rampant in awarding craontcts, jobs, andeducational opportunities, eventhough its been proven benefical to have people of different races withdifferent ideas and different experiences working toward the same goal (Chappell, 1995). The employment outlook for minorities is grim, but not hopeless. We definaltely need affirmativeaction to overcome the disparities of employment that exist int his country. A recent Urban Benchmarksstudy found that of 71 metro areas surveyed nationwide, Pittsburgh had the highest rate ofemployment-related problems among non-Hispanic whites between the ages of 25 and 54 and the sixth highestrate among African Americans in the same age group. We have a lot of problems with basic education hereand if you dont have basic education, you have no chance of getting a good job because competition isincreasing for everyone. We must make sure that we educate our potential work force, includingminorities, or our competitive edge, if we have one, will continue to decline in golbal markets. Manyjobs today are in the technician and technologist area. Jobs require more than a high-schooldiploma,but less than a four-year degreesuch as an associate degree or certificate fro!m a vocational or trade sch ool (Kovatch, 1996). As more and more women faced discrimination in largefirms, more decided to strike out on their own. In conclusion, most Americans know that the deck is stacked against poor kids. They also realizethat, because of past discrimination, an extraordinary number of those facing unequal opportunities areblack. So, while 75 percent of Americans oppose racial preferences, according to a 1995 WashingtonPost/ABC poll, two-thirds with to change affirmative actionprograms rather than do away with thementirely. But the public also realized that, in real life, the legacy of discrimination is not alwaysso neat. It is diffuse, and it requires a broader remedy.

Underage Drinking Speech free essay sample

By a show of hands, how many people in this classroom have drunken alcohol? Now by a show of hands how many of you are under the age of 21? As you look around the classroom, you will see that most of you are under this age. Now think to yourself, even though you are under the age of 21, does it mean that no one in this classroom has ever tried alcohol? According to Prof. Rosenberg from the Psychological Bulletin 1993, alcohol is the most serious problem facing teenagers. We are all students in high school and most likely gone to one party with alcohol. Being a high school student and under the age of 21, I have researched this topic of underage drinking because I thought this issue would be extremely beneficial to all of us since we are in high school will most likely be going through experiences involving alcohol. Today Im here to convince you to think twice about picking up that next bottle of alcohol†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. We will write a custom essay sample on Underage Drinking Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Underage drinking is illegal in all 50 states. The tolerance that police have to a teenager drinking and driving is absolutely zero. When most parents find out their child has been drinking they are not pleased. Underage drinking is a crime. It is a first-degree misdemeanor punishable with a maximum sentence of 6 months of incarceration and a $1000. 00 fine. Not only is underage drinking against the law, but it is endangering the persons life, as well as others, especially on high school campuses. Teenagers are not responsible enough to drink When people drink they use poor judgment, and when underage people drink it is even worse. The more you drink, the more judgment you lose. For example, according to Prof. Rosenberg from the Psychological Bulletin in 1993, 90% of all campus rapes involving drinking are 68% of manslaughter convictions and 63% of assaults that involve alcohol. Imagine this situation of your best friend driving home from your house one night. And on the way home, your friend meets some person who decided to drink too much and your friend and the other driver crash head on. The underage drunk driver survives, while your best friend is killed. So what happened to the drunk drivers judgment? They left it in their 15 empty beer cans at the party. Statistics show that every 15 minutes someone in the U. S. dies as the result of an alcohol related traffic collision. Alcohol is harmful to your health. Drinking can be harmful to your body in several ways. Alcohol is a drug that can cause:liver damage, cancer, heart damage, fetal alcohol syndrome or even death. people who drink on a regular basis tend to look older faster. So just think to yourself, drinking alcohol may seem good when you are 18 and want to look 21, but what happens when you turn 30 and look like your 50. How good is it then? As John Carvel, the spokesperson for the charity Alcohol Concern said: Alcohol reinforces our belief that there needs to be much more emphasis on education and prevention in terms of making people more aware of the dangers of alcohol misuse. Young bodies are just not made for drinking alcohol. Today Ive explained to you why underage drinking is harmful to teenagers. First we talked about why teenagers should not have alcohol, then we discussed why teenagers are not responsible enough to drink, and finally we discussed how alcohol is harmful to your health. I urge you to educate others about the effects of alcohol. I will conclude this speech with a question that I would like for all of you to think about, Is being accepted into a group, loosening up in an uncomfortable setting, and escaping the pressures of everyday life worth the risks and consequences that are in effect after the first, sip, funnel, or bottle of alcohol? Is it really worth it?

Amazon and eCommerce essays

Amazon and eCommerce essays Amazon.com is now an online retailer of books, toys, music, DVDs, clothing, house-wares and a variety of other products. Its services are aimed primarily at the internet consumer, the person who goes online and uses Amazon.coms website to find a product. It all began in 1994 when Jeff Bezo, Amazon.coms CEO and founder, believed books had the potential to be sold on the internet. It was clear that computers and the internet could be uniquely applied to organize, present and sell the entire stock in a way that a physical store or mail-order catalogue couldnt possibly imagine. After one year of building a support infrastructure, Amazon.com was launched in 1995. In May 1997, Amazon.com went public at a price of $18 a share raising $54 million in its public stock offering. I believe the single biggest reason why Amazon.com has been successful while other ecommerce companies have failed can be attributed directly to its continued focus on the customers needs and satisfaction. Any business , large or small, willing to be more conscientious and treat customers like human beings can achieve profitability. For success on the internet, the business and customer experience is more important than the web site on which it is built. Amazon.com continually moves towards creating the electronic equivalent of a personnel-shopping assistant to distinguish itself from all possible competition. They do not wish to be viewed as just another online store. Amazon.coms leading role has also meant the company is constantly exploring uncharted territory. It also means constantly tweaking plans while trying to figure out how people want to shop online. They were able to increase the customer experience through improved operations. Were different from other online retailers in that we have a technology base that allows customers to find, discover and glean out of hundreds of millions of products, those that ...

Family Photograph Appreciation - Richard Chlafen essays

Family Photograph Appreciation - Richard Chlafen essays In the article, Family Photograph Appreciation, Richard Chalfen discusses a teenage view of the relation between family snapshots and home videos. He first explains the value of personal photos using an example of natural or humanly coerced disasters and the mourning of visual traces of the past, or in other words, photographs. Family photographs are a very important aspect of peoples lives and without them we may never remember our past. By looking at snapshots, slides, home movies, etc, we stimulate our memory of important dates and events. He asks many questions about memory and video verses photography which will be discussed with teens he has interviewed. Chalfen has structured an exploratory project that asked a small sample of thirty teenagers, living in the Cambridge/Boston areas of Massachusetts to evaluate the relative merits of using still photography and/or videography as a preferred medium of family photography. (Richard Chalfen) He conducted the interviews with two teens at a time while having a meal in a small restaurant. He was interested in their opinions on comparing photography and videography, which came out to be very interesting. The teens explained to him about the effects of video tapes and how they were a way of being there all over again. Some of them felt it was more realistic than flipping through a picture album. Here we will introduce a few more of the theories made by teens during their interviews. Videotapes seem to supply the viewer with more information and makes it easy to remember. You get sound and movement to enhance the overall effect which brings you to see the whole experience. In many interviews the teens did not feel that videos were the best way to go. By looking at photographs it set off a whole lot of memories, not just what happened play by play like a home video. By looking at photographs you can use your imagina...

The Distribution and Logistics System Adopted By Wal-Mart Essay

The Distribution and Logistics System Adopted By Wal-Mart - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that Wal-Mart has 158 centers of distribution globally. These centers of distribution are exceedingly automated and function 24 every day. Every center is more than one million square feet big. The full conveyor belts length within each center is projected to be five miles. There is a totality of seven thousand drivers, 55,000 trailers, and 6,500 tractors. Every distribution center sustains about ninety to one hundred stores, in the expanse of two hundred miles. While considering the growth of trade to a novel area, Wal-Mart has to select a distribution center locality. This location is required to be where ninety to one hundred storehouses have the aptitude to be constructed around. No register is amassed at the centers of distribution given that Wal-Mart utilizes the â€Å"hub-and-spoke† system of distribution. Merchandise is picked up straight from the producers by a 6,500 motor vehicles fleet. They have organized at the hubs afte rward and dispensed to storehouse in one or two days. With particular goods or for unique orders, the corporation also makes the most of the manufacturers’ system of delivery to distribute the merchandise straight from the stockrooms to the stores. Wal-Mart has utilized Radio frequency identification technology, which allows the company to have the aptitude to track merchandise through the chain of supply. An RFID structure is made up of three major components, which are a label, a reader, as well as a central processing unit system. These labels are typically capable of stocking up to 2 kilobytes of data. The stored information may take account of product recognition, the manufacturing time, and the cost of the merchandise. These labels can later be attached independently to the physical merchandise itself or even to the merchandise packaging. Whereas the valuable data is stored within the label, it requires a reader so that it can be able to detect, gather, and make sense o f the information. Lastly, a central processing unit system is utilized to interpret, sort out, and amass the gathered information in a significant manner. Wal-Mart’s technology helps the company to examine the general system well-being, recognizing bottlenecks and additional potentially helpful information. RFID labels are eye-catching since they are effortlessly read and are able to be read this makes it easier for Wal-Mart to be effective in their services.